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| c. 1000 |
| | | Iceland's parliament, the althing, passes a resolution that everyone on the island is to be baptized | |
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| 1054 |
| | | A papal delegate (from Leo IX) excommunicates Cerularius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, and the delegate is excommunicated in retaliation, launching a lasting East-West Schism | |
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| 1075 |
| | | Pope Gregory VII decrees that only the church may make ecclesiastical appointments, thus initiating the investiture controversy between pope and emperor | |
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| 1078 |
| | | Anselm includes in his Proslogion his famous 'ontological proof' of the existence of God | |
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| 1084 |
| | | St Bruno and six companions retire to Chartreuse, in the French Alps, and establish the Carthusian order | |
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| 1085 |
| | | Toledo is captured from the Muslims by Alfonso VI of Castile, who continues the city's traditions of religious tolerance | |
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| 1095 |
| | | Pope Urban II preaches the first crusade, urging the Christians of Europe to march east to recover Jerusalem from the Muslims | |
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| 1096 |
| | | Peter the Hermit, an old monk on a donkey, leads the largest of the popular groups from Germany on the first crusade | |
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| c. 1098 |
| | | Benedictine monks, wishing to return to the early ideals of the order, form a community at Cîteaux which becomes the Cistercian order | |
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| 1098 |
| | | After a siege of seven months, the city of Antioch falls to the knights of the first crusade | |
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